The practice of Pedagogy in Buddhist Mahaviharas of Ancient India

Abstract

Spiritual education played an important role during the period of Buddhism, and this education was based on basic principles of Buddhism like four noble truths, an eight-fold path, etc. In addition, education was becoming the key tool for individual growth. It plays a vital role in transforming the unlettered child into a mature and responsible man.

Further, the foundation of Buddha’s teaching includes three major points discipline, meditation and wisdom. According to Buddhism, the world is full of sorrow and suffering. Hence, the only aim of life was considered to be the realization of salvation (Nirvana) by deserting the world. Buddhism prepared a wonderful movement that played a precious mission in the growth of the Education System in the earliest Indian or Buddhist world. It is recognized that the increase of Buddhism in India was the first light of the golden age of Indian culture and society. There was progress within all portions of Indian civilization under the influence of Buddhism.

In this research paper, we will try to examine the practice of pedagogy in Buddhist Mahaviharas from ancient times to the present time in India. However, the main focus will be on research of five major Mahāvihāras in ancient India, i.e. Nālandā Mahāvihāra, Vikramashila Mahāvihāra, Odantapuri Mahāvihāra, Jagadala and Vallabhi Mahāvihāras.

The proposed paper will elaborate on these points in detail.